Activate yeast: In a small bowl, mix warm milk and sugar. Sprinkle yeast on top and let it sit 5–10 minutes until frothy.
Make dough: In a large bowl, combine flour, salt, and cardamom. Add melted butter, egg, and yeast mixture. Stir until a sticky dough forms.
Knead dough: Knead on a floured surface for 8–10 minutes until smooth and elastic.
First rise: Place dough in a greased bowl, cover, and let rise for 1–1.5 hours until doubled.
Roll dough: Punch down dough and roll into a rectangle (16 x 12 inches). Spread softened butter on top. Sprinkle cinnamon and sugar evenly.
Shape buns: Fold the dough in half lengthwise. Cut 1-inch strips, twist each strip, and place on a parchment-lined baking tray.
Second rise: Cover shaped buns and let rise 30–45 minutes. Preheat oven to 375°F (190°C).
Brush and bake: Brush tops with beaten egg and sprinkle with pearl sugar if desired. Bake 15–20 minutes until golden brown.
Serve: Let cool slightly. Serve warm with coffee or tea. Store leftovers in an airtight container.
